donderdag 28 oktober 2010

Neuroscience meets magic

Neuroscience TV

 
 

Sent to you by Frouke via Google Reader:

 
 

via Scientific American on 10/28/10

Brain scientists Stephen Macknik and Susana Martinez-Conde explain the science behind the mental manipulations of gentleman thief Apollo Robbins.

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dinsdag 26 oktober 2010

Perceptual Learning in Vision Research

Review on perceptual learning

 

 

Feed: ScienceDirect Publication: Vision Research
Posted on: dinsdag 26 oktober 2010 6:07
Author: ScienceDirect Publication: Vision Research
Subject: Perceptual Learning in Vision Research

 

Publication year: 2010
Source: Vision Research, In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 23 October 2010
Dov, Sagi
Reports published in Vision Research during the late years of the 20th century described surprising effects of long-term sensitivity improvement with some basic visual tasks as a result of training. These improvements, found in adult human observers, were highly specific to simple visual features, such as location in the visual field, spatial-frequency, local and global orientation, and in some cases even the eye of origin. The results were interpreted as arising from the plasticity of sensory brain regions that display those features of specificity within their constituting neuronal subpopulations. A new view of the visual cortex has emerged, according to...


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maandag 25 oktober 2010

fhermens@yahoo.com has sent you a New Scientist story.

Your friend thought you should see this article on newscientist.com today.

Moving illusions: Now you see it, now you don't
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn19611

Some articles may require a login, available free to all subscribers to New Scientist magazine.

You can subscribe at http://www.newscientist.com/subscribe.

Their message:
The fading seems to work too with moving random dots. Is the conclusion that these dots are grouped?

NewScientist.com is the world's leading online science and technology news service, with a global network of award-winning journalists. Visit www.newscientist.com now for constantly updated and authoritative reporting that's both fast and fascinating.

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Detection of Convexity and Concavity in Context

Feed: ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
Posted on: zaterdag 23 oktober 2010 7:23
Author: ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
Subject: Detection of Convexity and Concavity in Context

 

Publication year: 2008
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, Volume 34, Issue 4, August 2008, Pages 775-789
Marco, Bertamini
Sensitivity to shape changes was measured, in particular detection of convexity and concavity changes. The available data are contradictory. The author used a change detection task and simple polygons to systematically manipulate convexity/concavity. Performance was high for detecting a change of sign (a new concave vertex along a convex contour or a new convex vertex along a concave contour). Other things being equal, there was no evidence of an advantage for detecting a new concavity compared with a new convexity, for detecting a change of angle to a concave vertex compared with a convex vertex, for detecting a change within...


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vrijdag 15 oktober 2010

50 ideas to change science: Neuroscience

 
 

Sent to you by Frouke via Google Reader:

 
 


Thanks to better brain imaging and biological insights, we're closing in on the neurons of consciousness and the subtleties of our mental machinery



 
 

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Reversed Tilt Effect for Dichoptic Stimulation in Vertical Meridian

 
 

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Publication year: 2010
Source: Vision Research, In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 10 October 2010
Gerald, Westheimer
The orientation of a test line appears shifted away from that of contextual contours. This repulsion in the orientation domain manifests itself in, for example, the tilt aftereffect, the simultaneous orientation contrast, and the Zöllner illusion. Attractive rather than repulsive interaction has been reported for collinear inducing configurations at small inducing angles. Here it is shown that the tilt induced in a monocular vertical foveal test line by a single centered inducing line is repulsive when both are in the same eye, but becomes attractive for dichoptic stimulation. This occurs for only a narrow range of test-line/inducing-line separations and varies...

 
 

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The exploitation of Gestalt principles by magicians

http://www.perceptionweb.com/abstract.cgi?id=p6766


I have the PDF on my computer, so just send me an email if you're interested.



----
Krista Overvliet, PhD.
 
Laboratory of  Experimental Psychology
University of Leuven
Tiensestraat 102, bus 3711
Room 04.03
3000 Leuven
Belgium
 
phone: +3216326146
skype: kristaovervliet
krista.overvliet@gmail.com
krista.overvliet@psy.kuleuven.be
http://web.me.com/krista.overvliet

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maandag 11 oktober 2010

Retina is structured to process an excess of darkness in natural scenes

Feed: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences current issue
Posted on: dinsdag 5 oktober 2010 18:48
Author: Ratliff, C. P., Borghuis, B. G., Kao, Y.-H., Sterling, P., Balasubramanian, V.
Subject: Retina is structured to process an excess of darkness in natural scenes [Neuroscience]

 

Retinal ganglion cells that respond selectively to a dark spot on a brighter background (OFF cells) have smaller dendritic fields than their ON counterparts and are more numerous. OFF cells also branch more densely, and thus collect more synapses per visual angle. That the retina devotes more resources to processing dark contrasts predicts that natural images contain more dark information. We confirm this across a range of spatial scales and trace the origin of this phenomenon to the statistical structure of natural scenes. We show that the optimal mosaics for encoding natural images are also asymmetric, with OFF elements smaller and more numerous, matching retinal structure. Finally, the concentration of synapses within a dendritic field matches the information content, suggesting a simple principle to connect a concrete fact of neuroanatomy with the abstract concept of information: equal synapses for equal bits.


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maandag 4 oktober 2010

Orientation selectivity of motion-boundary responses in human visual cortex.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20861432?dopt=Abstract

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Intrinsic biophysical diversity decorrelates neuronal firing while increasing information content

http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v13/n10/full/nn.2630.html
http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v13/n10/full/nn1010-1158.html#/ref5

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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FW: Contributions of Ideal Observer Theory to Vision Research

 

 

Feed: ScienceDirect Publication: Vision Research
Posted on: 04 October 2010 06:31
Author: ScienceDirect Publication: Vision Research
Subject: Contributions of Ideal Observer Theory to Vision Research

 

Publication year: 2010
Source: Vision Research, In Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available online 2 October 2010
Wilson S., Geisler
An ideal observer is a hypothetical device that performs optimally in a perceptual task given the available information. The theory of ideal observers has proven to be a powerful and useful tool in vision research, which has been applied to a wide range of problems. Here I first summarize the basic concepts and logic of ideal observer analysis and then briefly describe applications in a number of different areas, including pattern detection, discrimination and estimation, perceptual grouping, shape, depth and motion perception and visual attention, with an emphasis on recent applications. Given recent advances in mathematical statistics, in computational power,...


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zaterdag 2 oktober 2010

Attentional facilitation throughout human visual cortex lingers in retinotopic coordinates after eye movements.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20685992

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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The role of top-down task context in learning to perceive objects.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20660269


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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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The prefrontal cortex modulates category selectivity in human extrastriate cortex.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20586702


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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Prefrontal Cortex Tunes Category Selectivity in Visual Association Cortex.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20681751

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Neural tuning for face wholes and parts in human fusiform gyrus revealed by FMRI adaptation.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=20505126

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Relationships between the threshold and slope of psychometric and neurometric functions during perceptual learning: implications for neuronal pooling.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=19864439


-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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Mechanisms of pattern decorrelation by recurrent neuronal circuits.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=20581841
population code, decorrelation

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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How reliable is the pattern adaptation technique? A modeling study.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=19553490
frequency adaptation

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Naoki Kogo, PhD
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium
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