The spatial range of contour integration deficits in schizophrenia

 

 

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The spatial range of contour integration deficits in schizophrenia

via Experimental Brain Research (Browse Results) on 6/19/12

Abstract  

Contour integration (CI) refers to the process that represents spatially separated elements as a unified edge or closed shape. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, inappropriate affect, and social withdrawal. Persons with schizophrenia are impaired at CI, but the specific mechanisms underlying the deficit are still not clear. Here, we explored the hypothesis that poor patient performance owes to reduced feedback or impaired longer-range lateral connectivity within early visual cortex—functionally similar to that found in 5- to 6-year old children. This hypothesis predicts that as target element spacing increases from .7 to 1.4° of visual angle, patient impairments will become more pronounced. As a test of the prediction, 25 healthy controls and 36 clinically stable, asymptomatic persons with schizophrenia completed a CI task that involved determining whether a subset of Gabor elements formed a leftward or rightward pointing shape. Adjacent shape elements were spaced at either .7 or 1.4° of visual angle. Difficulty in each spacing condition depended on the number of noise elements present. Patients performed worse than controls overall, both groups performed worse with the larger spacing, and the magnitude of the between-group difference was not amplified at the larger spacing. These results show that CI deficits in schizophrenia cannot be explained in terms of a reduced spatial range of integration, at least not when the shape elements are spaced within 1.5°. Later-developing, low-level integrative mechanisms of lateral connectivity and feedback appear not to be differentially impaired in the illness.

• Content Type Journal Article
• Category Research Article
• Pages 1-9
• DOI 10.1007/s00221-012-3134-4
• Authors
  • Brian P. Keane, Division of Schizophrenia Research, University Behavioral HealthCare, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 151 Centennial Ave, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
  • Steven M. Silverstein, Division of Schizophrenia Research, University Behavioral HealthCare, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 151 Centennial Ave, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
  • Deanna M. Barch, Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Box 1125, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
  • Cameron S. Carter, University of California, Davis, 4701 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
  • James M. Gold, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, P.O. Box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
  • Ilona Kovács, Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1 Egry J. u., Bldg T., Budapest, 1111 Hungary
  • Angus W. MacDonald III, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, N426 Elliott Hall, 75 E. River Rd., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
  • J. Daniel Ragland, University of California, Davis, 4701 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
  • Milton E. Strauss, Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-7123, USA

• Journal Experimental Brain Research
• Online ISSN 1432-1106
• Print ISSN 0014-4819

 

 

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